If you ignite a lighter, you can put your hand far away on top and its hot whereas you can put your finger close to the sides before you feel it. How does this work?
Question
Will Mr. Francis experience more heat when he place his hand above the flame of a candle than if he place his hand at the same distance by the side of the flame? If yes discuss, if No give reason. (PHY111 Assignment Q2 - Uniben PSC First year 2015/2016)
The flame isn't, but the convection air rising upward is.
Hot air rises, it doesn't generally flow sideways.
So the only heat you're getting to the side is the radiant energy from the flame itself.
But over the top, you're getting that same radiant energy plus all the hot air that's rising from it.
More Answers
Heat rises, and although some of the heat is lost to the periphery, the hottest point is above.
The hot air is less dense (lighter) than the cooler air around it, so it naturally goes upward, making the area above the flame hotter than the area to the sides of it.
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